Around 30,000 birds migrate to the Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary every year. Birdwatchers visit the sanctuary to get a glimpse of open-billed storks, egrets, cormorants, darters, flamingos, pelicans, moor hens, kingfishers, darters, spoonbills, white ibises and different varieties of herons. The best place to indulge in birdwatching is the observation tower, which promises brilliant views. There are a variety of migratory birds that can be spotted here, and some of the more fascinating kind include the garganey teal, shoveller, pintail, stilt, sandpiper etc. Around 115 species have been identified and catalogued. The jungle is also home to such mammals as jackal, jungle cat, wild boar and the black-nape hare. The forest itself is full of lush greenery, replete with barrigtonia trees that the birds use extensively for nesting. 

The locals have been the unofficial guardians of Vedanthangal for over 250 years, because it was around this time they discovered that water mixed with bird droppings was an especially effective fertiliser for their fields. 

The sanctuary witnesses a rainfall of about 1,200 mm and the best time to visit  is from November to February. Since the nesting season begins late in October, the birds are done breeding and disperse to the feeding grounds by February. 

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