The Odisha State Museum was set up in the year 1938 in Cuttack, but moved to Bhubaneswar, when the capital was shifted. It comprises several galleries that house epigraphy and numismatic showcases, natural history exhibits, armoury, mining artefacts, geological displays, manuscripts, archaeological exhibits, and works of art and craft. The museum also works to collect, display, document and preserve antique items, maintain journals, facilitate research on art history and organise exhibitions as well as seminars.

The foundation stone of the new building of the museum was laid on December 29, 1957, by Dr Rajendra Prasad, the first President of India. Dr HK Mahtab, who was the then chief minister of Odisha, took it upon himself to expand it into a full-fledged museum.

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